What is Heckel plot equation?

The Heckel equation [9, 24, 25] is one of the most common equations describing the. mechanism of reducing volume during compaction. It is based on the assumption that powder. compression follows first-order kinetics with interparticulate voids as the reactant and the. densification of the powder as the product.

What is consolidation in tablet?

Consolidation An increase in the mechanical strength of the material resulting from particle or particle interaction. ( Increasing in mechanical strength of the mass)

What is Edmundson equation?

Edmundson’s Equation : n – No. of particles in a size range d – one of the equivalent diameters p – index related to size of an individual particle, because d p , p=1 ,2 or 3 is an expression of the particle length, surface, or volume respectively.

What is the difference between compaction and consolidation?

Compaction is the compression of soil by the expulsion of air from the voids of the soil. Consolidation is the compression of soil by the expulsion of water from voids of the soil.

What is bulkiness of powder?

Bulk powders are nonpotent and can be dosed with acceptable accuracy and safety using measuring devices such as the teaspoon, cup, or insufflator. Many bulk powders are used topically. Dusting Powders. Dusting powders are fine medicinal (bulk) powders intended to be dusted on the skin by means of sifter-top containers.

What are Micromeritic properties?

Micromeritic properties of a particle, i.e. the particle size in a formulation, influence the physical stability of the suspensions and emulsions. The smaller the size of the particle, the better the physical stability of the dosage form owing to the Brownian motion of the particles in the dispersion.

What are the flow properties of powder?

Few such flow properties and techniques are powder spreadability, dynamic and static angle of repose, packing, flowability, and electrostatic charge.

What is the end point of granulation?

The area under the torque-time curve is related to the energy of mixing and can be used as an end-point parameter. Area under power consumption curve divided by the load gives the specific energy consumed by the granulation process.

What does a Heckel plot show?

This means that the Heckel plot will show an upward curvature near zero porosity. Fig. 1. The Heckel and Walker transformation of the relative density in the density region 0.30–0.95. Several authors have described the use of the Walker or Balshin equation in characterization of compression behaviour.

What is the Heckel equation?

HECKEL EQUATION: The Heckel analysis is a most popular method of deforming reduction under pressure. It is based upon analogous behaviour to first order reaction where the pores in the mass are the reactant.i.e., Log 1/E=Ky .

Are Heckel plots reliable for measuring powder deformation behaviour?

As obvious from the data, Heckel Plots are an error-prone method describing deformation behaviour of powders, due to the difficulties in measuring the in-die tablet height sufficiently accurately. Therefore, it might be difficult to evaluate literature data of Heckel Plots properly.

What is the Heckel constant in linear regression?

The slope of the linear regression is the Heckel constant, a material dependent parameter inversely proportional to the mean yield pressure (the minimum pressure required to cause deformation of the material undergoing compression).