What is a headrace tunnel?

“A tunnel provided between De-silting chamber or Fore-bay to the Surge Shaft” or “A structure that carries water from intake to the power house for power generation” Tunnels are very important components of any type of hydropower project and can be very useful in long run.

What is the tailrace?

Definition of tailrace : a race for conveying water away from a point of industrial application (such as a waterwheel or turbine) after use.

What was the purpose of a headrace?

It is intended to raise the water level in the watercourse, thus creating an increased head and a reservoir. The headrace conduit, conveys the water from the reservoir to the turbine. The conduit can be a channel, flume, penstock, tunnel, or combinations of these.

What is surge tank in hydro power plant?

A Surge tank is a water storage device used as a pressure neutralizer in hydropower water conveyance systems in order to dampen excess pressure variance. In short, the surge tank mitigates pressure variations due to rapid changes in velocity of water.

What is a tailrace on a river?

Tailrace: The channel that carries water away from a dam.

What is the difference between headrace and tailrace in a hydroelectric power plant?

The used water is released through the tail race. The difference between head race and tail race is called gross head and by subtracting the frictional losses we get the net head available to the turbine for generation of electricity.

How does a waterwheel work?

A waterwheel is a type of device that takes advantage of flowing or falling water to generate power by using a set of paddles mounted around a wheel. The falling force of the water pushes the paddles, rotating a wheel. This creates a special channel known as a mill race from the pond to the waterwheel.

What is surge tank and penstocks?

Surge tanks are usually provided in high or medium-head plants when there is a considerable distance between the water source and the power unit, necessitating a long penstock. The main functions of the surge tank are: 1. When the load decreases, the water moves backwards and gets stored in it. 2.

Which power plant has lowest running cost?

Hydroelectric power plant
Explanation: Hydroelectric power plant has lowest running cost because it does not needs any fuel and can be operated by few number of persons. Nuclear gas and thermal power plant requires fuels also the handling cost of fuels is added with the total cost.

What is Hydro fishing?

Hydro tailrace fishing is a more modern form of fishing the turbulent waters below reservoirs. When vanes or valves are opened the water immediately flows from the above reservoir, causing turbulent water below the dam structure.

What is the tailrace in a hydro system?

Tailrace: The channel that carries water away from a dam. Tailwater: The water immediately downstream of the powerhouse or dam.